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Earthenware
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Ceramic ware, usually coarse and reddish in color, fired in the lowest temperature ranges. Used for domestic ware, glazed or unglazed.
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Eclectic
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The term eclectic describes works or methods of production that draw on a variety of techniques, styles or traditions. Eclecticism The practice of selecting or borrowing from earlier styles and combining the borrowed elements.
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Edge Work
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Treatment of the edges of plate glass by cutting, grinding and polishing. Edges can be seamed, ground, or beveled in many different configurations.
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Edition
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A set of identical prints, sometimes numbered and signed, pulled by, or under the supervision of the artist. The edition may either be open (unlimited) or limited. In bronze sculpture and printmaking, the number of pieces/images made from a single mold/plate and authorized by the artist. In printmaking, the total number of prints made and approved by an artist, usually numbered consecutively. Also, a limited number of multiple originals of a single design in any medium.
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Efflorescence
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Dry or crystallized white scum on the surface of fired clay caused by unneutralized soluble salts.
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Egyptian Paste
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Low-fire, self-glazing porous clay developed in ancient Egypt.
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Elasticity
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The ability of a clay to be maneuvered without breaking.
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Electroformed
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Creation of an object by electrically depositing metal on a master form of wax. After the wax is removed, a metal shell remains.
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Electroplated
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Coated with a thin layer of (usually precious) metal by passing an electric current through a chemical solution containing a source of the metal.
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Elements
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High-resistance wire coils or bars used as the heat source in electric kilns.
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Emblem
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A visible sign of an idea. Also an object, or the figure of an object, symbolizing and suggesting another object, or an idea, by natural aptness or by association.
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Emboss
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An ornamental raised surface on a material.
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Embroidery
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A form of needlework which uses decorative threads to embellish a piece of cloth or other fiber object.
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Emulsion
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In painting, a suspension of small globules of one liquid in a second liquid with which the first will not mix.
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Enamel
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An opaque or translucent colored glassy substance, applied in powder form by fusion to a metal, glass, or pottery surface.
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Enameled Glass
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Glass decorated with particles of translucent glass or glass-like material, usually of a contrasting color, which fuses to the surface under heat. Multi-colored designs, as well as monochrome coatings, can be created.
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Enamels
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As applied to metals: transparent or opaque glaze that melts lower than copper, silver or gold on which enamel is used as the decorative finish; usually fired at about 1300ºF.
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Encaustic
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Literally, to burn in. A painting technique in which the pigment is mixed with melted wax and resin and then applied to a surface while hot.
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End
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Individual warp thread.
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End Matching
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Joining two pieces of wood from end to end to form a continuous pattern.
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Engobe
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A type of slip applied to damp or bisqued ware to color its surface.
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Engraving
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Printmaking method in which a sharp tool (burin) is used to scratch lines into a hard surface such as metal or wood.
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Environmental Art
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1. Art that is large enough for viewers to enter and move about in. 2. Art designed for display in the outdoor environment.3. Art that actually transforms the natural landscape.
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Epoxy
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A group of thermosetting resins, well adapted to molding and therefore popular with sculptors. Epoxies are also used in adhesives, laminates, enamels and coatings.
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Escutcheon
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A fitting that may be found over a keyhole or behind a handle. While they are usually made of metal, escutcheons are also made of ivory, bone, or inlaid veneers.
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Essence
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That quality which constitutes or marks the true nature of anything. Distinctive character.
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Etagere
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A stand with open shelving used to display curios or collectibles.
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Etched Glass
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Glass decorated, carved or otherwise marked by sandblasting or the use of hydrofluoric acid. The glass is first covered with an acid-resistant wax or gum, the design is drawn through the resist with a point, and the exposed glass is etched.
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Etcher
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An etcher works on a copper-plate covered with wax, through which he draws whatever suits his fancy. The needle or point, with which he draws removes the wax wherever it touches, and after the plate is finished it is submerged in acid with the effect that the plate, where the lines are drawn, is bitten into or corroded by the acid. Afterward the plate is cleaned, inked, and printed from like the plate of a visiting card.
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Etching
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The technique of reproducing a design by coating a metal plate with wax and drawing with a sharp instrument called a stylus through the wax down to the metal. The plate is put in an acid bath, which eats away the incised lines; it is then heated to dissolve the wax and finally inked and printed on paper. The resulting print is called the etching. A print taken from a plate into which the image has been bitten with acid. The plate is covered with a wax or resin ground, which is scratched away to reveal areas of metal. Acid bites into these exposed areas leaving a surface that holds ink.
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Excise
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To carve away the background around a decoration in ceramics, leaving the image in raised relief.
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Expressionism
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Any art that stresses the artist’s emotional and psychological reaction to subject matter, often with bold colors and distortions of form. Specifically, an art style of the early 20th century followed principally by certain German artists.
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Extrusion
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The process of shaping plastic clay by forcing it through an auger or form.
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